Primary Source Documents

The Struggles of Secession - Article

THE STRUGGLES OF SECESSION

by

Jim Butler

 

         It is October, 1863 in a small, rural, working-class town in the Lower Chattahoochee Valley of Georgia.  The days of hearts beating to the sounds of war drums is gone. Gone are the lavish suppers and barbeques. Forgotten are the long winded speeches advocating secession from the Union. The call to duty to defend home and hearth is quickly replaced by the cries of the Yeoman dying on the fields of Virginia and Pennsylvania and the pleas of their dear ones at home.  Vacant as the call to arms to defend Southern Rights are the vacant bellies of the soldier’s loved ones on their own homestead.  Too greedy and craven to fight for their own peculiar institutions, the wealthy, Planter class sends their poor brethren to do their bidding. While some men sit home with exemptions seemingly only procured by those of means, the poor Yeoman must join or be conscripted.  Even more overwhelming is the fact that the desire for cotton profits replaces the rational and obvious urgency to grow produce for the people and soldiers protecting the South and her industries. Prior to the war the Yeoman seemed content with their lot in life. Yeomen knew they would never own slaves nor hold political office due to the caste they were born to, yet seemed happy with this status quo.  But, now, in late 1863, the Yeoman caste grows weary of fighting, starving and dying for the privileged class of the South.  They turn out in droves to vote and cast out the pro-Davis Democrats by a five to one margin. Replacing them with Mechanics and Workers Organization’s candidates. Half of the Confederate army is gone without leave. Inflation, taxes, impressments, conscription, corruption, starvation and death are on the doorsteps of the home front. The war is clearly not just lost on the battlefield, but in the hearts and the minds of its People as well. Setbacks at Gettysburg and Vicksburg seem to sink many hopes, but a recent victory at Chickamauga and siege at Chattanooga is buoying some spirits. But, it seems that this may all be too late as the fate of the South may already be sealed at home and on the battlefield.

 

Last Updated (Friday, 09 July 2010 17:46)

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Eastman Johnson Painting

This is a very controversial painting by Eastman Johnson, circa 1859.

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Last Updated (Wednesday, 24 February 2010 23:55)

 

A Proclomation from the Honorable Govenor Joseph Brown

A PROCLAMATION FROM GEORGIA GOVENOR
THE HONORABLE JOSEPH BROWN

 

To the People of the Great State of Georgia. This proclamation appeals to you to resist and refuse to surrender any property or foodstuff to any Impressment Agent from the Confederate States of America.  This is a violation of Georgia’s State’s rights to govern themselves per the Constitution of the Confederate States of America.  Thus the People and the State will decide  how it will conduct its affairs in regard to our property or goods. 

You are also instructed to continue to surrender 10% of all produced goods and produce to any State of Georgia Impressment Agents.  To avoid fraudulent agents, all agents must post their intentions to impress in a county by posting this 3 weeks prior on the court house and 3 other major locales.  With our current state of emergency, the noble fighting men of Georgia need your support to help win our cause. All Georgian’s are asked to do their part.

If you qualify for Widowers or Hardship Relief, please see your local State of Georgia Relief Agent at your local courthouse on allotted days.

Banks and local courts should cease and desist on any further foreclosures on a private homes until after we gain our independence. Have pity on our fighting men’s wives and children. We urge you to have God open your hearts and help your neighbors and friends until this current crisis is abated.

All plantation owners and farmers should be reconciled to use 20% of all agricultural acreage to the production of needed foodstuffs. Cotton production is to be reduced from 3 acres of cotton to the hand but down to ¼ acre to the hand. Feeding the men and people of Georgia is of the gravest importance.

Deserters who fill our hotels and lines of travel are to immediately return to their commands. Local officers, sheriffs and constables should begin arresting deserters and they will be reimbursed by the Confederate government for your costs. Idle and unproductive conscription officers are to return to their commands immediately.

Only the State of Georgia can decide which officers are exempted from CSA duty.

Georgia has answered the call of our President and raised 18,000 men for home defense of our State.

                                                                                          Regards,

Governor Joseph Brown

 

Diary of a Rural Farmer

The following excerpts come from a farm diary that was compiled by Gilbert M. Richardson who lived near Lumpkin, Georgia.  The diary begins in March of 1860 and concludes in late January, 1861.  The diary is confined to the subject of farming and the limited travels of Gilbert and his family.  There is no mention of politics or the forthcoming national crisis.

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1860 Lumpkin, GA Census Data

We have comprised a listing of general demographics of the area of Lumkin, GA to apply to your role selection.  The data is based on the 1860 US Census – GA State Archives and US Nat’l Archives, Morrow, GA

Last Updated (Wednesday, 30 September 2009 12:59)

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